Figure 1
A conceptual framework diagram links job resources, job demand, work engagement, and performance through labeled arrows.The framework diagram shows a text box on the left labeled “H P W S (Job resources)”. A rightward arrow from this box leads to a text box in the center labeled “Work Engagement (Motivation)”. To the right of this center box, another rightward arrow points to a text box labeled “I W B (Performance)”. Above the center arrow, a text box labeled “Work Overload (Job demand)” is placed, with a downward arrow pointing to the center arrow between “H P W S (Job resources)” and “Work Engagement (Motivation)”.

Conceptual framework. Notes: HPWS – High-performance work systems; IWB – Innovative work behavior. Source: Own elaboration

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