Figure 2
The diagram illustrates a human-machine collaboration-based sustainable logistics and supply chain model. It features four main components: Human-Machine Collaboration, Resource Efficiency, Operational Efficiency, Workforce Capability, and Sustainable Logistics & Supply Chain Performance. Human-Machine Collaboration is connected to Operational Efficiency, Resource Efficiency, and Workforce Capability. Operational Efficiency is linked to Sustainable Logistics & Supply Chain Performance. Resource Efficiency and Workforce Capability also connect directly to Sustainable Logistics & Supply Chain Performance. Each component has several indicators: Human-Machine Collaboration includes HMC1, HMC2, HMC3, and HMC4; Resource Efficiency includes RE1, RE2, RE3, and RE4; Operational Efficiency includes OE1, OE2, OE3, and OE4; Workforce Capability includes WC1, WC2, and WC3; Sustainable Logistics & Supply Chain Performance includes SLSCP1, SLSCP2, SLSCP3, SLSCP4, SLSCP5, and SLSCP6.Human–machine collaboration-based sustainable logistics and supply chain model