Figure 1.
The conceptual framework illustrates relationships among perceived workplace diversity, employee engagement, and the performance of cooperatives. Perceived workplace diversity acts as the independent variable and is influenced by four components, including receptivity to diversity and diversity management, equal representation and developmental opportunities, hire and retain diverse employees, and promotion of gender diversity. Employee engagement functions as the mediating variable and consists of vigour, dedication, and absorption. The framework shows direct relationships from perceived workplace diversity to employee engagement and cooperative performance, as well as a relationship from employee engagement to cooperative performance. Directional arrows indicate the flow of influence among all variables.Conceptual framework of the study