Figure 1
A diagram categorizing types of employee safety voice into four quadrants. The diagram is divided into two axes: the vertical axis labeled 'Recommendation Focus' with categories 'Challenging' and 'Defensive', and the horizontal axis labeled 'Temporal Orientation' with categories 'Present' and 'Future'. The four quadrants are labeled as follows: Hostile (Challenging, Present) describes a change needed with an argumentative tone. Promotive (Challenging, Future) indicates constructive change needed. Prohibitive (Defensive, Present) suggests that the status quo is sufficient and calls attention to counterproductive factors. Preventive (Defensive, Future) aims to sustain current practices and avoid future losses.Summary of safety voice types. Source: Adapted from Bazzoli and Curcurato (2021)