Figure 3.
The conceptual model titled Spillover Observations arranges strategy, culture, and execution as the 3 points of a dashed triangular framework. The culture-strategy gap occurs between culture and strategy, the strategy-execution gap occurs between strategy and execution, and the execution-culture gap occurs between execution and culture. Gap boundary markers identify 2 boundaries for each gap. Within the triangle, 3 dotted paths labelled spillover effects connect each domain with the other 2 domains. These paths cross through the central area, forming intersecting connections among strategy, culture, and execution.Potential directional spillover effects across the three gap types