Figure 1
The diagram illustrates a continuum from extreme labour exploitation on the left to decent work on the right. Key dimensions include worker freedom, employment conditions, income and livelihood, worker voice and agency, learning and growth, and legal and institutional status. The diagram also highlights the interaction of labour supply chains and physical supply chains, which determine the emergence and persistence of different forms of exploitation. An annotation indicates that the zone of acceptable work can shift depending on institutions, cultural norms, stakeholder expectations, and public policies.Shades of exploitation: a continuum from extreme exploitation to decent work. Authors' own work