Figure 2
The scatterplot measures absolute standardised mean differences across covariates. The x-axis represents the absolute standardised mean difference, ranging from 0.0 to 1.4. The y-axis lists various covariates such as distance, age_num, education_level_3, and others. Unmatched data points are shown as squares, and matched data points are shown as diamonds. Most matched data points are near zero, indicating substantial improvement in covariate balance after exact matching.Exact matching substantially improves covariate balance, reducing standardised mean differences across treatment groups. Source: Authors’ own work