Figure 2
The upper section is labelled Human Dimension. Tacit Knowledge appears on the left with a head containing 2 gears, while Explicit Knowledge appears on the right with a set of books. A loop labelled Socialisation returns to Tacit Knowledge. Externalisation runs from Tacit Knowledge to Explicit Knowledge. A loop labelled Combination returns to Explicit Knowledge. Internalisation runs from Explicit Knowledge back to Tacit Knowledge. A dashed horizontal line separates the upper section from the lower section, labelled Machine Dimension. The lower section contains Data on the left, represented by 2 database symbols, and Artificial Knowledge on the right, represented by a processor symbol.Human and machine dimension
Source: Adapted from Cerchione et al., 2026