Figure 1
The conceptual Venn-style diagram shows three overlapping circles arranged horizontally and vertically, forming a Venn-style structure centered on individual agency. The left circle is labeled “Macro” with the text “Social and economic factors”, the right circle is labeled “Meso” with the text “Co-workers and manager related factors”, and the bottom circle is labeled “Micro” with the text “Personal factors”. At the central overlap of all three circles, a smaller oval is labeled “Individual Agency”. A solid horizontal arrow extends rightward from the central “Individual Agency” area toward the text “Older workers’ working-from-home experiences and well-being”, positioned on the far right. On the far left, a dashed rectangular text box reads “COVID-19 Public Health Interventions impacting when, where and how to work. These exemplify multi-principal constraints creating competing demands shaping individual agency” with a dashed connector pointing toward the macro circle. On the upper right, a dashed rectangular box reads “Managerial decision-making impacting social interactions and relational aspects” with a dashed connector pointing toward the meso circle. On the lower right, another dashed rectangular box reads “Proactive organisation and time management impacting work-life balance and health benefits” with a dashed connector pointing toward the micro circle.Synthesises our findings by showing how macro-level policies, meso-level management practices and micro-level individual factors interact to shape older workers' agency when working-from-home, with implications for both hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Source: Authors' own work