(a) DLVO potential φ(H) profiles scaled by ΔH² using a full circular ansatz with eight layers for Z = 0 varying A. Inset shows interaction energy U(H). (b–d) Space-time plots of colloidal probability density p(H, τ) ∈ [Δp, 0.2] with contour interval Δp = 0.01. Given Z = 0, (b) φ = 0, (c) A = 0.05 and (d) A = 0.5