Figure 11.
The image features four graphs arranged in a 2 by 2 layout. The vertical axis in each graph represents force labelled as H in kilonewtons, k N, while the horizontal axis represents displacement labelled as u in millimetres, m m. The top left graph labelled a and the top right graph labelled b show overlapping curves, with both containing highlighted boxed areas that indicate measurements of approximately 0.4 millimetres. These boxed areas are visually distinguished with dashed lines. The bottom left graph labelled c and the bottom right graph labelled d illustrate similar curves but without highlighted boxes. The curves in these graphs display variations in shape and position, evident through the different lines represented in grey and blue. All graphs are grid based, aiding in the reading of force and displacement values.Cyclic testing of RC pile under fixed-head conditions with increasing amplitude of applied displacement: (a) 1 mm; (b) 2 mm; (c) 5 mm; and (d) 10 mm