Figure 4
The schematic diagram is arranged from left to right. On the left, a three-dimensional quarter model is shown with block elements. At the center edge of the model is a curved meshed wall composed of block-shaped elements. Two double-sided arrows at the top edges point toward surfaces labeled “Friction.” Text arrows along the bottom edges are labeled “Symmetry,” pointing outward from the center. A text arrow along the front edge is labeled “Fixed,” pointing left to right. Near the inner curved edge, a downward-facing shield-shaped element contains the letter “v.” Slightly right of center, a small cube labeled “Friction” sits under an overhang. At the lower center, a stacked schematic of alternating thin layers is displayed. A legend beneath it labels three colors as “Aramid negative 45 degrees,” “Aramid positive 45 degrees,” and “T P U.” On the right side of the figure, a top-view circular clamp arrangement is shown. A circular ring is labeled “Clamp fixture.” At the center of the ring is a circular shape labeled “Impactor.” A diagonal arrow pointing outward from the center to the inner circle edge is labeled “D equals 12.7 millimeters” above “5.47 kilograms.” A horizontal arrow pointing outward to the outer fixture ring is labeled “phi equals 75 millimeters.” A dashed quarter boundary box surrounds the upper left corner of the circular view. Vertical double-headed arrows on the right edge indicate a height dimension labeled “150 millimeters” from top to bottom. Horizontal double-headed arrows at the bottom edge indicate a width dimension labeled “100 millimeters” from left to right.Schematic of the quarter ply-level FE model for TPU composite LVI simulation