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Planes, construction of.—A wing is built up on a single spar composed of plates 2, 3, 4, simple angles 1, and. U‐profiles of sections suited to the local stresses, and ribs 8 which support a metal skin 7 or are connected together by members which support a covering of “material.” The plates 2 are pierced to form uprights and diagonals which are strengthened by angle or Z‐section members 6 and profile members 5. The ends of the members 6 are connected to the ribs 8 by angles 9. Instead of forming uprights and diagonals the plate 2 may be cut to form a triangulated bracing with all the members inclined, in which case the ribs 8 are arranged in corresponding alternately inclined planes and connected together. The number of elements used and their distance apart may be varied to suit the load. U‐profiles may replace the angle girders.

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