Aviation batteries: the state of the art in nickel cadmium: Reducing battery maintenance to cut costs and downtime

The battery requirements of aircraft manufacturers and airlines in the 1970s and 1980s were for longer life and ever‐increasing electrical performance in areas such as power‐to‐weight ratio and energy density but, towards the end of the 1980s, a major additional requirement became apparent: a reduction in battery maintenance to reduce direct costs and cut aircraft downtime.