... medium, a copper wire electrode of Ø 0.25 mm were used in this work. Findings Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-hardness investigations conducted along the subsurface reveal the formation of the white layer due to rapid solidification commenced during the WEDM process. SEM investigations...

...Raghuraj Panwar; Pankaj Chandna Purpose This paper aims to accomplish friction stir welding (FSW) of Al–Li alloy AA8090 to determine optimal settings of the process parameters for higher tensile strength and higher micro-hardness (MH) to achieve the objective of adequate butt-joint strength...

... Percentage 2.36 1.37 0.733 0.103 0.28 <0.25 <0.59 Bal. Figure 1 (a) Tool profile schematic diagram (all dimensions are in mm), and (b) fabricated cylindrical threaded tool after friction stir welding Friction stir welding DOE Thermal behaviour analysis Micro-hardness...