... of the propeller. Then, the result of the aerodynamic analysis is given as input of the acoustic calculation. The sound is calculated using the Farassat 1A which was derived from Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation and is compared with the measurements. Findings Moreover, the fan is modified for noise reduction...

... geometry parameters are modified to investigate the noise reduction of ducted tail rotor by using the numerical prediction method. Originality/value The aerodynamic and acoustic performance of different modification tasks is discussed. These results demonstrate the validity of design parameters...