... at: marcos.rodrigues.adm@gmail.com 22 04 2025 10 07 2025 21 11 2025 30 11 2025 © Emerald Publishing Limited 2025 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Constitutional funds Credit policy Mechanization Subsidies Concentration Agriculture is one of the most...

... options. Tax and subsidy policies are applied to derive returns for the hypothetical farms under a variety of land use scenarios. Findings The analysis finds that in comparing four hypothetical scenarios, leasing out agricultural land on a long-term basis can prove more profitable for cattle...

... and the permanency of the program. This will be discussed more formally in the theory section. The USA has a long history of promoting domestic ethanol production through producer incentives, trade barriers, sustainability standards, and tax credits. The Energy Tax Act of 1978 introduced ethanol subsidies...

.... Findings Regardless of the assumed producer knowledge and behavior, it is concluded that the persistently high government subsidy levels required to keep the program solvent could be solely explained by the inaccuracy in the RMA's premium estimates. In other words, the observed need for large subsidies...

.... Canada Farms Income Subsidies Farm income Off‐farm income Coefficient of variation Income variation The variability in farm and off‐farm income will depend on the optimal effort allocated to alternative farm and wage enterprises, which in turn are a function of physical, market...

... D. Kropp can be contacted at: jkropp@clemson.edu © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2011 United States of America Agricultural finance Subsidies Beginning farmers Creditworthiness Decoupled payments Liquidity Repayment capacity Farmers face various challenges...