.... The authors posit that there are variations in the asset values that are beyond the farmer’s control and therefore have implications on farm debt. Design/methodology/approach The framework recognizes the endogeneity of return on assets (ROA). It uses a non-parametric technique to approximate the variance...

... are used for updating. It is shown that the expectation that yields follow a stable positive linear trend with increasing variance become the dominant hypothesis by 1990, and gains a final weight of more than 99 per cent for all crops considered. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2008...