... companies listed in G20 stock exchanges between 2008 and 2023. Panel data regression models are employed to evaluate the impact of ESG performance on total, short-term and long-term debt, with interactions exploring differences between emerging and developed markets and the effects of COP21. Findings...

... to address endogeneity. Findings The findings point out that Covid-19 has had a significant, negative effect on LTLR, while the impact on STLR and TLR was insignificant. The findings indicate that companies based in a culturally risk-averse environment, such as India, would reduce the long-term debt...