... Licensed re-use rights only ARDL Bonds Central Bank advances Inflation C5 G12 E5 E31 (2) M V ¯ = P Q ¯ The most significant studies examining the relationship between deficit budgets, fiscal deficits, and inflation have been extensively covered...

... G11 G12 G14 G23 The world is experiencing a demographic shift, with people growing older and living longer. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2022) , by the year 2030, one in six people globally will be aged 60 years or over, and the number of people aged 60 years and above...

... Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Corporate board Bid-ask spread Stock liquidity G12 G34 Since the beginning of the 1990s, corporate governance practices (audit committees, tax transparency, corporate board regulation, board members independence, rights...

... © Emerald Publishing Limited 2018 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Volatility GARCH Day-of-the-week effect JSE indices C22 G10 G12 The efficiency of a market refers to the extent to which the decisions of all market participants cumulatively reflect...