Figure 1 Diagram of the change in topic coherence and perplexity during the promotion period. Source: Authors’ own work More about this image found in Diagram of the change in topic coherence and perplexity during the promotio...

Figure 2 Diagram of the change in topic coherence and perplexity during the normal period. Source: Authors’ own work More about this image found in Diagram of the change in topic coherence and perplexity during the normal p...

Figure 3 Line chart of the importance of influencing factors for the satisfaction of different dosage forms of drugs. Source: Authors’ own work More about this image found in Line chart of the importance of influencing factors for the satisfaction of...

Figure 4 Line chart of bootstrap resampled means and 95% confidence intervals of net flow values under various scenarios. Source: Authors’ own work More about this image found in Line chart of bootstrap resampled means and 95% confidence intervals of net...

Figure 5 Heatmap of significance of pairwise ranking differences among factors across scenarios based on the Nemenyi Test. Note: In this figure, self-comparisons are displayed in light yellow, non-significant comparisons in light blue, and significant comparisons in a color gradient from yellow an... More about this image found in Heatmap of significance of pairwise ranking differences among factors acros...

Figure 1 Selection Process following PRISMA flowchart More about this image found in Selection Process following PRISMA flowchart

Figure 2 A distribution of publications that use the terms “fake data” and “fake information” since 2009 More about this image found in A distribution of publications that use the terms “fake data” and “fake inf...

Figure 3 A distribution of publications that use “fake information” based on the identified themes since 2012 More about this image found in A distribution of publications that use “fake information” based on the ide...

Figure 4 A distribution of publications that use “fake data,” which was used for benefit based on the identified themes since 2018 More about this image found in A distribution of publications that use “fake data,” which was used for ben...

Figure 5 Two figures illustrating the distribution of indexed keywords and author keywords used as synonyms for “fake information” More about this image found in Two figures illustrating the distribution of indexed keywords and author ke...

Figure 6 The domains that use the terms “fake information” and “fake data” More about this image found in The domains that use the terms “fake information” and “fake data”

Figure 7 Conceptual representation of how data are transformed into information, fake information, synthetic data and fake data based on intent and processing More about this image found in Conceptual representation of how data are transformed into information, fak...

Figure 1 The experiment procedure More about this image found in The experiment procedure

Figure 2 Patterns of query language More about this image found in Patterns of query language

Figure 3 Query length distribution More about this image found in Query length distribution

Figure 4 Search tools distribution More about this image found in Search tools distribution