... Publishing Limited 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited Licensed re-use rights only Private finance Equity IRR Project finance Debt spread Transportations PPPs Fuzzy-set QCA Public–private partnerships (PPPs) have financed United States (U.S.) toll roads for more than 3 decades. Early...

... and the minimum 5 percent. Dr Xueqing Zhang can be contacted at: zhangxq@ust.hk © Emerald Group Publishing Limited 2014 Public-private partnerships Assessment Project finance Value for money Influential factors The large variation of the VFMs of PPP projects as mentioned in the above...

... of project financing (Tiong, 1995). With regard to this aspect, antecedent authors propose models to identify risks inherent with BOT contracts and provide linkages between risk sources and the capital structure. These studies can be subsumed into two main streams. A first course of study explores...