An innovative breakwater concept consisting of a conventional breakwater and a submerged-reef breakwater operating in tandem has been designed for the southern end of Lake Michigan. The tandem breakwater system was found to cost $1 million less to build than a single structure designed to meet the same operating criteria. Because of the depth-limiting behavior of the reef, the tandem design possesses a lower design risk for extreme events. This paper provides a summary of the design development and physical model testing results for the concept.

  • SYNOPSIS

  • INTRODUCTION

  • DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

  • FINAL DESIGN

  • EFFECT OF RELATIVE REEF SUBMERGENCE

  • EFFECT OF CREST WIDTH

  • EFFECT OF REEF POROSITY

  • COMPARISON OF DATA TO THEORIES

  • BREAKWATER SPACING

  • REEF STABILITY

  • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

  • REFERENCES

This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this chapter.
Don't already have an account? Register

Purchased this content as a guest? Enter your email address to restore access.