Water is the most widespread matter on Earth; however, only an insignificant part of its geological reserve is available and fit for society to use in industry, agriculture, municipal activities and especially as a drinking source. Water is not only important for life support for society, it is the medium wherefrom life has originated and developed in all its variety. It is evident that the preservation of the vital qualities of natural water is of great importance for the survival of humanity and all living matter in the biosphere, and for the preservation of life on Earth. In particular, surface water which is useful for drinking purposes is exposed to intensive degradation from the other biosphere components. Although water is the most widespread matter on the planet, the contamination of its vital qualities and its acute shortage due to extensive use are apparent in various parts of the world.

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