Chapter 10: Modelling and predicting the effects of deterioration mechanisms

This chapter describes and discusses the potential of some numerical models in tackling specific threats to durability. The deterioration of concrete is often a very slow process in which chemical, physical and mechanical mechanisms proceed simultaneously and may interact as well. Thus, modelling is very complex. Since deterioration processes tend to start at the smallest length scales but may ultimately affect the overall structure, the need for a multiscale modelling approach is obvious. In the last two decades, much progress has been made in modelling hydration, developing microstructures and predicting material properties. These models enable us to determine the starting point of deterioration processes. Due to the ever increasing computational power of modern computers, we can build the tools required for modelling complex interactions and, thus, generate reliable predictions of deterioration and service life. Being able to model and simulate deterioration at the smallest possible length scales may help in designing new or modified materials with enhanced long-term performance, demonstrating that an investment in advanced material models can be worthwhile.