Damage to Japanese Port Facilities caused by Recent Typhoons

In recent years, several huge typhoons have struck Japan and damaged many port facilities. In this study, in order to prepare for future sea level rise and larger typhoons, the characteristics of damage and the vulnerability of facilities were investigated from field surveys conducted since 2016. The targeted typhoons are Typhoon 1610 (Typhoon No.10 in 2016), Typhoon 1721, Typhoon 1821, Typhoon 1824, Typhoon 1915 and Typhoon 1919. The field survey consisted of photographing the collapsed structures, measuring ground level and inundation depth using RTK- GNSS and determining ground level and inundation area using UAV. Significant damages are characterized by: 1) collapse of seawalls due to wave forces that penetrated the rubble mound; 2) collapse of seawall parapets. Japanese parapets were often inadequately designed structurally for wave forces; 3) inundation due to wave overtopping in areas of land subsidence.