Chapter 10 Loading

This chapter covers loading from the context of practising engineers engaged in the design of structures. The different types of loads (dead, live, wind, etc.) are categorised and the modes of application are explained. Permanent (dead) loads are explained and examples of values given. Imposed (live) loads are covered, explaining the different occupancy classes and guidelines particularly for preliminary design. Wind loads are discussed and rules of thumb given. Earthquake (seismic) loads are discussed along with key considerations for their consideration in the design process. Blast loads are described, and guidance given on how to calculate them and their effect on the structure. Self-straining load effects (temperature, shrinkage, movement, creep, parasitic ‘loads’ due to pre-stressing) are described. Fire, fluid, silo and ground/soil loads are discussed and guidance given on how to approach them.