Geosynthetics are often used to reinforce the soil mass for use as a shallow foundation, as detailed in Chapter 7. This chapter presents the basic concepts and design philosophy of the application of geosynthetics for encasing stone columns/granular piles, which is a ground improvement technique for deep foundations for transferring the structural load to the underlying firm soil strata. How geosynthetic encasement increases the load-carrying capacity and reduces the settlement of the soil mass by providing lateral restraint is discussed. The granular anchor pile is also described briefly.

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