Chapter 13: In the Shadow of the War: Reflection on IB-Related Challenges for Poland

The full-scale war in Ukraine presents an urgent challenge for scholars of international economic relations and international business. In this chapter, the authors focus on the immediate aspects of business relations following the Russian aggression against Ukraine. They discuss briefly the pressing consequences experienced by the Polish economy. In particular, the authors zoom in on direct investment linkages and cover both the direct and indirect effects and spillovers resulting from these hostilities. The authors refer to the concepts of proximity penalty and proximity blessing to present as objectively as possible the consequences of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine for Poland, which neighbours Ukraine.