23: Societal Management of Sustainable Transportation: International Policy Review, Commons Dilemmas and Solution Strategies

The environmental burden from motorised transport may be effectively reduced in light of the commons dilemma model. This captures the tension between individual and collective interests, and it implies that collective transport problems can be resolved through changes in individual transport behaviours. To bring model thinking and policy substance together, recent problem analyses and policy intentions by the OECD, EU and WBCSD are summarised and critically evaluated from a behavioural-science perspective. Commons-dilemma thinking is explicated, including various strategies for behaviour change. Sustainable transport development is described following a threedimensional framework of guidelines and indicators, five policy principles, and a broad set of substantive policies. One conclusion is that the supply side of transport needs to be addressed at least as much as the demand side.