When Leadership Fails

When Leadership Fails: Individual, Group and Organizational Lessons from the Worst Workplace Experiences

EDITED BY

LONNIE R. MORRIS, JR.

The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, USA

WENDY M. EDMONDS

Bowie State University, USA

United Kingdom – North America – Japan – India – Malaysia – China

Emerald Publishing Limited

Howard House, Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, UK

First edition 2021

Copyright © 2021 Emerald Publishing Limited

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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN: 978-1-80043-767-8 (Print)

ISBN: 978-1-80043-766-1 (Online)

ISBN: 978-1-80043-768-5 (Epub)

We dedicate this book to every employee, manager, executive, consultant, professor, and researcher striving to make work a better place. Your resilience inspires. Keep going. Work needs you. Leadership needs you.

List of Tables and Figuresxi
About the Editorsxiii
About the Contributorsxv
List of Contributorsxix
Acknowledgmentsxxi
Introduction : Acknowledging, Deconstructing and Processing When Leadership Fails1
Chapter 1: Monsters, Inc.: Toxic Leadership and Engagement 
Ngozi Igbokwe, Sarah Smith, Colton Hart, Elizabeth Hergert, Ellen Reter, Marguerite Wildermuth, Ryan Bouda, Tiffany Phillips and Cristina Wildermuth3
Chapter 2: Investing the Time to Lead Well 
Maria Malayter17
Chapter 3: Front Porch Organizations, Back Door Employees: How Mentoring Mishaps Potentially Derail Next Generation Leaders 
Shanita Baraka Akintonde29
Chapter 4: Toxic Followership: Leader Deception and Breach of Trust 
Wendy M. Edmonds41
Chapter 5: Death by Authoritative Leadership and Micro-management 
Jennifer Capler49
Chapter 6: Campus in Crisis: Leadership Lessons Learned 
Cheryl Patton59
Chapter 7: Ethics, Leadership and the Dreaded Performance Appraisal 
Lonnie R. Morris71
Chapter 8: Autocratic Leadership among Managers and Its Impact on Salespersons Behavior in India’s Pharmaceutical Industry 
G. Arun and C. G. Manoj Krishnan81
Chapter 9: Leadership Failure in a Hostile Environment: The Importance of Leading Oneself 
Randal Joy Thompson91
Chapter 10: Toxic Leadership: A Quick Erosion of Psychological Safety 
Carly Speranza103
Chapter 11: A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: How a Narcissistic Leader Decimated a Faith-Based Nonprofit 
Ruth Beck and Leanne Dzubinski113
Chapter 12: When Founder’s Syndrome Is Used for Personal Gain 
Terry Fernsler127
Chapter 13: How to Destroy a Research & Development Group without Really Trying 
Jay L. Brand139
Chapter 14: When Leading the Team Goes Wrong 
Dayne Hutchinson and Sholondo Campbell147
Chapter 15: No Rest in the Restroom: Servant Leadership and Conflict in Products & Marketing 
Timothy Hough157
Chapter 16: The Demise of a Company: An Insider’s Personal and Scholarly Reflection 
Dorianne Cotter-Lockard167
Chapter 17: Incompetent Authoritarian Replaces a Servant Leader 
Terry Fernsler179
Appendix: Interview Protocol – Toxic Leadership Study191
Index193
Tables
Table 1a.Sample Demographics: Gender.7
Table 1b.Sample Demographics: Age.7
Table 2.Toxic Leadership Themes.8
Table 3.Roles of Key Individuals Involved in Project Implementation.94
Table 4.Reasonable Cost Guidelines for Solicitation Activities.184
Figures
Fig. 1.The Toxic Triangle and Its Constituent Parts. Reprinted from Padilla et al. (2007, p. 180) with permission from Elsevier.119

Lonnie R. Morris, Jr. is an Assistant Professor of Organizational Leadership at The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, USA. He studies leadership and ethics in work and learning environments.

Wendy M. Edmonds is an Assistant Professor of Human Resource Development at Bowie State University, USA. Her research focuses on toxic followership.

Dr. G. Arun is a Professor and Associate Director of Providence School of Business in India. He received his PhD in Management from SCSVMV University, India. He had authored two textbooks in Marketing and published many articles with national and international repute. He has 13 years of experience in industry, research, and teaching.

Shanita Baraka Akintonde is an Associate Professor of Communication at Columbia College, USA. She is an author, podcast host, speaker, wife, and mother of two college students. She shares her leadership and diversity expertise through media, lectures, newspaper columns, blogs, and books. Her messages captivate audiences from Atlanta to South Africa.

Ruth Beck works in the Intercultural Management (MA) degree program at Europäische Fernhochschule Hamburg. She is responsible for master level courses on intercultural negotiation and organizational sustainability and teaches intercultural management online.

Ryan Bouda is a Founding Partner of LEAP Training & Coaching. He specializes in building leadership and creating culture that elevates communication, engagement, and innovation. He is a Certified Coach and Trainer in Conversational Intelligence® specializing in executive/leadership coaching, team building, culture change, and communication dynamics.

Jay L. Brand is a Professor of Leadership, Higher Education & Organizational Studies at Andrews University. He obtained MA & PhD degrees in Experimental Psychology from University of Louisville, KY, USA, and was Chair, Psychology & Social Work, La Sierra University; Associate Professor of Psychology, Loma Linda University; and served in Ideation, an R&D team for a global enterprise.

Sholondo Campbell, Ed.D., currently serves as the Director of Student Engagement and New Student Programs at Florida Southwestern State College, in Fort Myers. His research interests focus on organizational leadership and the evolution of student development theory to be inclusive of diverse and non-traditional student populations.

Dr. Jennifer Capler is the Owner of The DM Woman, LLC, a Leadership Development Coach. She is a copy/ghost writer, published author, researcher, and speaker. Her research focuses on emotional intelligence, effective decision-making, and political leadership. She loves adventure, adrenaline, great foods, and laughter.

Dorianne Cotter-Lockard served as an Executive on a Fortune 100 Divisional C-level Leadership Team. She earned a PhD in Human and Organizational Systems, teaches leadership at Saybrook University, and conducts research on team collaboration, creativity at work, and leadership. Her publications include Authentic Leadership and Followership: International Perspectives.

Leanne Dzubinski is an Associate Professor of Intercultural Education at Biola University. She teaches doctoral courses on education, leadership, and research methods. Her publications include studies of women in leadership, gender bias, women in Christian higher education, adult learning, online learning, qualitative research, and women in Christian history.

Wendy M. Edmonds is an Assistant Professor of Human Resource Development at Bowie State University, USA. Her research focuses on toxic followership.

Terry Fernsler, MNPL, PhD, has 38 years of diverse experience in the nonprofit sector. He is currently an Advisor and Instructor at James Madison University in the Nonprofit Studies minor program. He also teaches at the Bush School of Government and Policy’s Center for Nonprofits & Philanthropy at Texas A&M University.

Colton Hart is a Psychology Professional acting as a sympathetic guide to help others navigate complex and challenging situations. He currently works as an Executive Office Team Leader at a national banking organization in Des Moines Iowa. He enjoys community service and aiding others in achieving their goals and full potential.

Elizabeth Hergert is a Career Services Professional who has a passion for helping students. She works in the Liberal Arts and Sciences Career Services office at Iowa State University as a Career Adviser. Outside of school and work, she enjoys spending time with family and friends, traveling, reading, and baking.

Tim Hough is the Founder and Principal of Perspective Management Consulting Group, an International Business Leader with over 30 years of experience leading technology-focused organizations, and a PhD student in Business Psychology at The Chicago School of Professional Psychology. He is best known for identifying new market potential and forging strong relationships.

Dayne Hutchinson, PhD, works at Marymount Manhattan College, in New York City as the Assistant Dean for Student Affairs and Director of Student Development and Activities. His research interests Center on First Generation Afro-Caribbean immigrants, Afro-Caribbean identity development, and Afro-Caribbean experiences within higher education in the United States.

Ngozi Igbokwe is a Talent Development Professional, passionate about helping others learn and grow. She is also enthusiastic about diversity, equity, and inclusion. Currently, she serves as the Vice President of eMedia & Marketing with the ATD Central Iowa Chapter. She lives in Iowa, with her immediate family.

Dr. C. G. Manoj Krishnan is an Associate Professor in Human Resources & Organizational Behavior at TKM Institute of Management in India and a leading management consultant and research guide. He has a distinguished record of publication in Scopus indexed and approved journals and has presented research papers at international and national conferences.

Maria Malayter is an Associate Professor in Business Psychology at The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, MBA Professor at Concordia University Portland, and Author of four books. She is a Certified Wellness Practitioner (CWP) who has worked with worksite wellness and well-being centered leadership in various organizational settings.

Lonnie R. Morris, Jr. is an Assistant Professor of Organizational Leadership at The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, USA. He studies leadership and ethics in work and learning environments.

Cheryl Patton earned her PhD in Organizational Leadership at Eastern University where she currently serves as an Adjunct Faculty Member for the College of Business and Leadership. In addition to her role at Eastern University, she is employed at Northcentral University as a core part-time professor in its School of Business.

Tiffany Phillips spent over 20 years as a Human Resource Professional, primarily in the manufacturing sector. She is a Human Resource Manager with a food processing company in the Des Moines, IA area. She enjoys studying at Drake University, cheering at her son’s sporting events and visiting family in Florida.

Ellen Reter graduated from Drake University in 2020 with a bachelor’s degree in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology (BCMB) and Writing, and a minor in Biology. There, she worked as a writing tutor for three years and in a mammalian physiology surgical research project for one. She is currently pursuing her MD through the Rural Medical Education Program (RMED) at the University of Illinois in Rockford.

Sarah Smith works as an Operational Risk Officer at a community bank. She is a Board Member for InfraGard Iowa Members Alliance, Iowa Contingency Planners, FBI Citizen’s Academy Alumni Association, and Norwalk Easter Public Library. She lives in Norwalk, IA with her husband and neurotic dog.

Dr. Carly Speranza is a Director of Research and Assistant Professor of Management for the School of Business and Technology at Marymount University. She is also Adjunct Faculty at Creighton University and Indiana Tech. She has retired from the U.S. Air Force in 2018 where she served on Active-Duty for over 20 years.

Randal Joy Thompson, PhD, is a scholar-practitioner who has lived and worked globally in international development. She is currently a Fielding Graduate University Institute of Social Innovation Fellow. She Coedited Leadership and Power in International Development: Navigating the Intersections of Gender, Culture, Context, and Sustainability (2018); also Co-editing Reimagining Leadership on the Commons (2021); and has published book chapters on leadership and articles on women, evaluation, foreign aid, and education.

Cristina Wildermuth, Ed.D. is an Associate Professor at Drake University, where she directs the Master of Science in Leadership Development and teaches courses in ethics, global leadership, and research. She is originally from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. She has traveled extensively conducting leadership development in Latin America, Europe, and the United States.

Marguerite Wildermuth is a Senior Psychology Major at Drake University. She is involved in research in her department and hopes to become a Clinical Psychologist specializing in working with Deaf and Hard of Hearing children. When not working in her department, she enjoys volunteering and creative writing.

Dr. G. ArunProvidence School of Business in India, India
Shanita Baraka AkintondeCommunication at Columbia College, USA
Ruth BeckEuropäische Fernhochschule Hamburg, Germany
Ryan BoudaLEAP Training & Coaching, USA
Jay L. BrandAndrews University, USA
Sholondo CampbellFlorida Southwestern State College, USA
Dr Jennifer CaplerThe DM Woman, LLC, USA
Dorianne Cotter-LockardSaybrook University, USA
Leanne DzubinskiIntercultural Education at Biola University, USA
Wendy M. EdmondsBowie State University, USA
Terry FernslerJames Madison University, USA
Colton HartDes Moines Iowa, USA
Elizabeth HergertRecruiting Coordinator for Engineering Career Services at Iowa State University, USA
Tim HoughPerspective Management Consulting Group, USA
Dayne HutchinsonMarymount Manhattan College, USA
Ngozi IgbokweDes Moines, IA USA
Maria MalayterThe Chicago School of Professional Psychology, USA
Dr C. G. Manoj KrishnanTKM Institute of Management, India
Lonnie R. Morris, JrThe Chicago School of Professional Psychology, USA
Cheryl PattonEastern University, USA
Tiffany PhillipsDes Moines, USA
Ellen ReterDrake University, USA
Sarah SmithDes Moines, IA USA
Dr. Carly SperanzaSchool of Business and Technology at Marymount University, USA
Randal Joy ThompsonFielding Graduate University Institute for Social Innovation Fellow, USA
Cristina WildermuthDrake University, USA
Marguerite WildermuthDrake University, USA

We owe the utmost gratitude to a group of unsuspecting graduate students enrolled in HRD 732 at Bowie State University in spring 2019. We began a discussion with all of you about organizational behavior and ethics in the workplace that planted the seed for this book. Your willingness to engage in dialogue about experiences like the ones chronicled here proved this topic warranted greater attention. Your comments, reactions, and suggestions inspired us to invite a larger audience into the broader discourse.