Chapter 3: A Guiding Framework for Leaders in Uncertain Times: Learning from GTM in the Canadian Military

Leaders must assume control, issue direction, and persuade. It is essential that leaders dispense clear and decisive guidance, especially under conditions of uncertainty and turmoil. They must encourage and inspire; followers look for (and need) these qualities in their leaders. Talent must be effectively led, and managers must possess the leadership acumen to do so. Managing talent is one of the greatest challenges of the twenty first century (Vaiman, Cascio, Collings, & Swider, 2021). Adding to the complexities of effective leadership are multifarious difficulties that can ensue from unexpectedly arising conditions of uncertainty. Under these circumstances the leader is subject to inordinate personal stress as she/he tries to execute her/his leadership responsibilities with effectiveness and efficiency. The contextual situation (characterised by uncertainty) in which leadership is executed, is believed to be the dominant element affecting behaviour of both the leader and follower. Uncertainty relates to that condition created by a lack of knowledge and confusion.