Chapter 4: Trends of Employment in Cultural Industries: The Case Study From European Countries

The cultural industry is often seen as a subset of the broader creative economy, which includes advertising, architecture and fashion. This industry plays a vital role in shaping and reflecting cultural values and identities and can have significant economic and social impacts. It is also a significant employer in the European Union (EU), contributing to the overall economy and promoting cultural diversity. Therefore, the aim of our study was to identify the impact of educational attainment (secondary and tertiary education) and employment parameters such as female or male employee distribution among European countries, the total number of permanent workers in the cultural industries, employed persons with one job only, employed persons working full-time (persons working as creative and performing artists, authors, journalists and linguists by individual). The t-test was used to test the hypothesis of whether the above variables related to employment in the cultural industry differ across countries that are part of the EU. As a result of the analysis, we can state that the number of employed persons working full-time as persons working as creative and performing artists, authors, journalists and linguists by an individual is higher in EU countries.