Chapter 4: Is AI Coming for Our Jobs? Rethinking the Future of Work and Inclusion

The evolving landscape of work in the age of digital technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), has sparked widespread debate about the future of employment. Concerns about potential human labour displacement due to increasing automation have been frequently voiced in academic and media circles. However, the impact of AI on the workplace is challenging to measure due to its pervasive nature. Global labour market trends indicate a growing demand for human labour in both high-skilled and low-skilled jobs, driven by demographic, political, and economic factors. There is a divide among researchers, with techno-optimists arguing that automation should not be viewed as static, while techno-pessimists express concerns about potential job displacement. Nevertheless, economic history suggests that technological advances do not always lead to job displacement, and the current apprehension surrounding AI may be overstated, potentially discouraging workers and trade unions from asserting their rights. In this context, initiating discussions on the fair distribution of AI and automation benefits across society is essential. While AI-automated systems may lead to job displacement, this outcome remains speculative. However, AI could increase job precarity and hinder diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) policies, as governments and organisations often prioritise AI as a tool for profit, rebranding, and restructuring to cut costs.