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This research shows how anti-China sentiments and the differing expectations for language education hindered Kunhua Ge’s success in promoting a Chinese language course at Harvard University from 1879 to 1882. It highlights how Chinese language education is linked to the reform of the U.S. educational system, with Ge’s case revealing the influence of the U.S.-China social, political, and economic environment on Chinese language education in the United States.

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