Article 5: Transforming American Educational Identity After Sputnik

Some questions about education in the United States are easier to answer than others. If one wants to compare curriculum requirements across states, the data can be acquired and conclusions announced. However, any discussion of philosophy of learning or results of some pedagogy or another requires a look at what others have thought about, researched and concluded. Even with this information, the landscape of schooling changes with shifts in personnel, research or demographics. Thus, the strength of an argument may come from exploring an idea from varied perspectives. This analysis examines American public schooling after the 1957 launch of the Russian satellite, Sputnik, not as one event with one result, but rather as a representation of multiple responses that had varying effects – small and large.