Chapter 1: Racial and Cultural Pedagogies in Education: A Retrospective

This article traces the development of three theoretical ideas related to race and culture in education within the last 25 years: culturally relevant and sustaining pedagogies, critical race theory, and racial literacies. The review highlights key innovations related to curriculum and instruction, as well as identifies persistent challenges to inclusive teaching. The authors hope this retrospective will allow opportunities to reconsider and recommit efforts toward promoting a more just and equitable world amidst turbulent times.