Chapter 6: Narcissistic or Overwhelmed?: Divergent Pathways to Academic Entitlement

Academic entitlement (AE) is expecting favorable academic outcomes regardless of performance. This study tests relationships between AE, narcissism, self-esteem, self-efficacy, and self-compassion to identify pathways for reducing AE. Results revealed two divergent pathways to AE, narcissism and over identifying with negative emotions (OI). OI, holding onto negative emotions, is the opposite of mindfulness, further supporting AE as a maladaptive coping response. Mindfulness, a component of self-compassion, should be explored in interventions reducing AE.