Chapter 1: Overview of Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools

Technological developments have resulted in the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), which Martini et al. (2024) state ‘aims to develop systems that can simulate some of the human capabilities of learning and reasoning, such as visual perception, voice recognition, and linguistic translation, to perform specific tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously’ (p. 1). The recent developments have led to some authors theorizing that we are in the Industry 5.0 phase of development, where these technologies will be critical to the development of future societies. According to Martini et al. (2024), in developing countries such as those in the Caribbean, the public sector is the largest market for the adoption of AI. AI developments are likely to also have significant impact in education, and it is important to note here that in some countries the education sector is considered as part of the public sector (Morrison, 2022). According to Locatelli (2018), ‘the concept of education as a public good has long been a foundational principle of international education development discourse’ (p. 1). Changes that impact the public sector in the ways AI is expected to are likely to influence education processes and outcomes.