... Allocative efficiency Agricultural machinery outsourcing services Here, Y i is the rice output; K i and L i are the real capital and labor for household i, respectively; S i represents each household's TFP, which relates only to the farming ability...

... improve the use efficiency of agrochemicals. Originality/value This paper uses both application quantities and allocation efficiencies of chemical fertilizer and pesticides to comprehensively evaluate the effects of SSC participations. The results will reveal the core role of SSC played in promoting...

... captures random influences on this relationship. China Agricultural institutions Agricultural policy Food policy Agricultural technology Technical efficiency Allocative efficiency Tobit Shaanxi Scale efficiency Production Cost efficiency Since 2002, China has substantially raised...