... have provided many new job vacancies, hence the unemployment rate has shown a fluctuating downward trend from 2008 to 2021 in China (Figure 1). New forms of employment Urban–rural divide Chinese economy Wage inequality According to Brown et al. (1980) , this paper conducts...

..., contributing a significant part to labor productivity growth and thus economic growth of the Chinese economy as a whole. Social implications To sustain this source of economic growth as far as China completes its transition from upper-middle income status to high-income status, deepening reforms...