... human capital investment in an inverted U‐shaped pattern with respect to economic development level. The estimated threshold turning point is around 20,000 RMB GDP per capita. This estimate is sufficiently robust to model specifications and variants of the dependent variable. Social implications...

.... However, with economic development, more and more rural populations are moving to urban areas, which lead to a waste of rural infrastructure and social resources. Let us take education as an example. After reforming the education system, many parents send their children to urban schools rather than local...

... potential. In the absence of other options, the traditional response has been for pastoral household to maintain or increase livestock numbers on the declining resource base, which perpetuates and intensifies the high degradation‐low‐incomes cycle. Economic resources Economic development...