... is constructed to illustrate farmers' optimal strategies under different policies. Theoretical results are empirically tested by survey data from beef cattle farmers in Central China. Findings Empirical results show that penalties work better than subsidies if each type of policy is implemented separately...

...Huang Chunyan; Zhong Funing; He Jun Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare the costs of price and income subsidies when the food security policy targets the urban poor. The result may help policymakers choose a desired subsidy scheme to ensure food security for the urban poor...

... to evaluate the effects of replacing the SSD and subsidizing cotton producers pursuant to the current or potential WTO rules on domestic cotton support. Findings The results of the simulations suggest that China's cotton farmers are bound to incur losses. In either case, cotton subsidies permitted...