... on these relationships were found. Research limitations/implications Future research should expand upon variations in the meaning of employee empowerment across cultures, consider other cultural models and theories, and a more extensive set of personal, organizational and relational factors. Practical...

... to performance metric systems, a variety of organizations have experimented with seemingly high levels of employee empowerment (Clifford, 1999 ; Coggburn, 1998 ; Hutt, 1994). However, empowerment of employees has mostly occurred during the measurement of performance (i.e. self‐measurement or subordinates...