The growing complexity of forecasting models increases the number of decision nodes in the research process, raising the risk of overfitting to specific design choices. We illustrate this issue using the recent concept of “pockets of predictability,” which posits that return predictability is time-varying and that short windows of high predictability can be identified ex ante. In this study, we reassess the robustness and practical applicability of this approach. By analyzing 19,440 variations of the original methodology, we find that its effectiveness depends critically on various seemingly minor methodological decisions. Furthermore, return predictability has declined significantly in recent decades, and the potential economic gains are highly sensitive to trading costs. Overall, strategies based on pockets of predictability should be approached with caution.
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26 June 2026
Research Article|
June 03 2026
The devil in the details: a multiverse view of pockets of predictability
Nusret Cakici;
Nusret Cakici
Gabelli School of Business,
Fordham University
, New York, New York, USA
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Christian Fieberg;
Christian Fieberg
HSB – Hochschule Bremen,
City University of Applied Sciences
, Bremen, Germany
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Tobias Neumaier;
Tobias Neumaier
Department of Business Studies and Economics,
University of Bremen
, Bremen, Germany
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Thorsten Poddig;
Thorsten Poddig
Department of Business Studies and Economics,
University of Bremen
, Bremen, Germany
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Adam Zaremba
Finance and Accounting Institution
, MBS School of Business
, Montpellier, France
; Institute of Finance, Poznan University of Economics and Business, Poznan, Poland and Monash Centre for Financial Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, AustraliaCorresponding author Adam Zaremba a.zaremba@mbs-education.com
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Corresponding author Adam Zaremba a.zaremba@mbs-education.com
Received:
September 24 2024
Revision Received:
January 07 2025
Accepted:
April 10 2025
Online ISSN: 2164-5760
Print ISSN: 2164-5744
Funding
Funding Group:
- Award Group:
- Funder(s): National Science Center of Poland
- Award Id(s): Grant No. 2022/45/B/HS4/00451
- Funder(s):
- Funding Statement(s): Adam Zaremba acknowledges the support of the National Science Center of Poland [Grant No. 2022/45/B/HS4/00451].
© 2026 Emerald Publishing Limited
2026
Emerald Publishing Limited
Licensed re-use rights only
Critical Finance Review (2026) 15 (2): 156–178.
Article history
Received:
September 24 2024
Revision Received:
January 07 2025
Accepted:
April 10 2025
Citation
Cakici N, Fieberg C, Neumaier T, Poddig T, Zaremba A (2026), "The devil in the details: a multiverse view of pockets of predictability". Critical Finance Review, Vol. 15 No. 2 pp. 156–178, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/CFR-09-2024-2535
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