... independent institutions, can lead to a reduction in the cost of equity. This effect is particularly prominent in SOEs compared to non-SOEs. Moreover, institutional investors promote corporate social responsibility activities and innovation activities of invested firms, thereby reducing the cost of equity...

...Jerry C. Ho; Ting-Hsuan Chen; Jia-Jin Wu Purpose The authors investigate the association of the constructed corporate social responsibility (CSR) measures with the banks’ profitability, social contributions and CSR spending as well as the market reaction to CSR spending. Design/methodology...

... innovation influenced environmental performance and has a positive impact on company performance. The role of green financing for environmental performance is also significant and positive. Moreover, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has insignificant role in environmental performance of the energy...