This study aims to address the lack of a coherent and context-specific definition of biomimicry within the framework of net-zero architecture and construction. By critically evaluating current academic interpretations and synthesizing practitioner insights, it proposes a refined definition that aligns biomimicry with performance-based sustainability, carbon neutrality and regenerative design in the built environment.
A qualitative research methodology was used, incorporating a systematic literature review, Scientometric analysis using VOS viewer and semi-structured interviews with 13 global experts in architecture, engineering and biomimicry. Thematic analyses were used to extract definitional constructs, identify research trends and triangulate theoretical and practical insights.
The study reveals that while biomimicry is associated with sustainability and innovation, its explicit integration into net-zero strategies is underrepresented. Expert interviews highlight a shift from form-based imitation toward systems-level, performance-driven design emulating biological functions, processes and ecosystems. A novel definition of biomimicry is proposed, positioning it as a multidisciplinary, context-responsive framework that supports lifecycle carbon neutrality, circularity and adaptive design.
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research offers the first comprehensive, peer-validated definition of biomimicry explicitly tailored to net-zero construction. It contributes conceptual clarity and practical relevance by aligning ecological design philosophy with measurable sustainability metrics. The proposed definition has the potential to guide architectural practice, inform policy frameworks and foster transdisciplinary innovation in climate-resilient urban development.
