... this gap by examining how the risks and returns of outsourcing vary based on the outsourcing location (onshore vs. offshore) and the knowledge intensity of the process. Design/methodology/approach The study synthesizes the knowledge-based view of the firm with transaction cost economics to develop...

... framework is applied to fundamental questions of MNE, and exploratory insights are revealed. Design/methodology/approach This study sought to review the literature on various paradigms such as resource-based view, knowledge-based view, attention-based view, relational view, dynamic capability view...