... and assembly on to printed circuit boards (Ulrich and Brown, 2006). These industries of packaging and PCB manufacturing may be referred to as “post‐semiconductor manufacturing” (PSM). PSM uses a different approach to manufacturing from semiconductor, using primarily a lamination strategy to build‐up complex...

... the manufacturing process productivity of PCBs. The first approach involved optimization of the PCB manufacturing process as a whole. The second approach was based on increasing the process productivity at the operational level. Findings To reduce the total manufacturing time, two heuristic algorithms...