... education Higher education Internal stakeholder Innovation Poland Culture represents the mixture of a shared philosophy that distinguishes actors belonging to various groups (Hofstede, 1991): considering cross-cultural issues appears especially important for organizational knowledge management...

... to higher education.” He also complains about the scarcity of research addressing strategic management in higher education. His remarks still have good deal of merit today. A decade later, the same concern is echoed by Kirp (2003, p. 4) , who warns that the use of business language in higher education...

... and, as a result, improving the performance of enterprises makes it appealing to universities for adoption. The introduction of TQM concepts, principles, tools, and techniques into the higher education sector has received mixed responses. The student‐as‐customer metaphor, widely adopted by the advocates of TQM...